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-rw-r--r--src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt16
-rw-r--r--src/audio_core/audio_core.cpp53
-rw-r--r--src/audio_core/audio_core.h26
-rw-r--r--src/audio_core/hle/dsp.cpp42
-rw-r--r--src/audio_core/hle/dsp.h502
-rw-r--r--src/audio_core/hle/pipe.cpp55
-rw-r--r--src/audio_core/hle/pipe.h38
-rw-r--r--src/audio_core/sink.h34
8 files changed, 766 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt b/src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b0d1c7eb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+set(SRCS
+ audio_core.cpp
+ hle/dsp.cpp
+ hle/pipe.cpp
+ )
+
+set(HEADERS
+ audio_core.h
+ hle/dsp.h
+ hle/pipe.h
+ sink.h
+ )
+
+create_directory_groups(${SRCS} ${HEADERS})
+
+add_library(audio_core STATIC ${SRCS} ${HEADERS}) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/audio_core/audio_core.cpp b/src/audio_core/audio_core.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..894f46990
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/audio_core/audio_core.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Citra Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "audio_core/audio_core.h"
+#include "audio_core/hle/dsp.h"
+
+#include "core/core_timing.h"
+#include "core/hle/kernel/vm_manager.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/dsp_dsp.h"
+
+namespace AudioCore {
+
+// Audio Ticks occur about every 5 miliseconds.
+static int tick_event; ///< CoreTiming event
+static constexpr u64 audio_frame_ticks = 1310252ull; ///< Units: ARM11 cycles
+
+static void AudioTickCallback(u64 /*userdata*/, int cycles_late) {
+ if (DSP::HLE::Tick()) {
+ // HACK: We're not signaling the interrups when they should be, but just firing them all off together.
+ // It should be only (interrupt_id = 2, channel_id = 2) that's signalled here.
+ // TODO(merry): Understand when the other interrupts are fired.
+ DSP_DSP::SignalAllInterrupts();
+ }
+
+ // Reschedule recurrent event
+ CoreTiming::ScheduleEvent(audio_frame_ticks - cycles_late, tick_event);
+}
+
+/// Initialise Audio
+void Init() {
+ DSP::HLE::Init();
+
+ tick_event = CoreTiming::RegisterEvent("AudioCore::tick_event", AudioTickCallback);
+ CoreTiming::ScheduleEvent(audio_frame_ticks, tick_event);
+}
+
+/// Add DSP address spaces to Process's address space.
+void AddAddressSpace(Kernel::VMManager& address_space) {
+ auto r0_vma = address_space.MapBackingMemory(DSP::HLE::region0_base, reinterpret_cast<u8*>(&DSP::HLE::g_region0), sizeof(DSP::HLE::SharedMemory), Kernel::MemoryState::IO).MoveFrom();
+ address_space.Reprotect(r0_vma, Kernel::VMAPermission::ReadWrite);
+
+ auto r1_vma = address_space.MapBackingMemory(DSP::HLE::region1_base, reinterpret_cast<u8*>(&DSP::HLE::g_region1), sizeof(DSP::HLE::SharedMemory), Kernel::MemoryState::IO).MoveFrom();
+ address_space.Reprotect(r1_vma, Kernel::VMAPermission::ReadWrite);
+}
+
+/// Shutdown Audio
+void Shutdown() {
+ CoreTiming::UnscheduleEvent(tick_event, 0);
+ DSP::HLE::Shutdown();
+}
+
+} //namespace
diff --git a/src/audio_core/audio_core.h b/src/audio_core/audio_core.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64c330914
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/audio_core/audio_core.h
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Citra Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+namespace Kernel {
+class VMManager;
+}
+
+namespace AudioCore {
+
+constexpr int num_sources = 24;
+constexpr int samples_per_frame = 160; ///< Samples per audio frame at native sample rate
+constexpr int native_sample_rate = 32728; ///< 32kHz
+
+/// Initialise Audio Core
+void Init();
+
+/// Add DSP address spaces to a Process.
+void AddAddressSpace(Kernel::VMManager& vm_manager);
+
+/// Shutdown Audio Core
+void Shutdown();
+
+} // namespace
diff --git a/src/audio_core/hle/dsp.cpp b/src/audio_core/hle/dsp.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c89356edc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/audio_core/hle/dsp.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Citra Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "audio_core/hle/dsp.h"
+#include "audio_core/hle/pipe.h"
+
+namespace DSP {
+namespace HLE {
+
+SharedMemory g_region0;
+SharedMemory g_region1;
+
+void Init() {
+ DSP::HLE::ResetPipes();
+}
+
+void Shutdown() {
+}
+
+bool Tick() {
+ return true;
+}
+
+SharedMemory& CurrentRegion() {
+ // The region with the higher frame counter is chosen unless there is wraparound.
+
+ if (g_region0.frame_counter == 0xFFFFu && g_region1.frame_counter != 0xFFFEu) {
+ // Wraparound has occured.
+ return g_region1;
+ }
+
+ if (g_region1.frame_counter == 0xFFFFu && g_region0.frame_counter != 0xFFFEu) {
+ // Wraparound has occured.
+ return g_region0;
+ }
+
+ return (g_region0.frame_counter > g_region1.frame_counter) ? g_region0 : g_region1;
+}
+
+} // namespace HLE
+} // namespace DSP
diff --git a/src/audio_core/hle/dsp.h b/src/audio_core/hle/dsp.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..14c4000c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/audio_core/hle/dsp.h
@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Citra Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "audio_core/audio_core.h"
+
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/swap.h"
+
+namespace DSP {
+namespace HLE {
+
+// The application-accessible region of DSP memory consists of two parts.
+// Both are marked as IO and have Read/Write permissions.
+//
+// First Region: 0x1FF50000 (Size: 0x8000)
+// Second Region: 0x1FF70000 (Size: 0x8000)
+//
+// The DSP reads from each region alternately based on the frame counter for each region much like a
+// double-buffer. The frame counter is located as the very last u16 of each region and is incremented
+// each audio tick.
+
+struct SharedMemory;
+
+constexpr VAddr region0_base = 0x1FF50000;
+extern SharedMemory g_region0;
+
+constexpr VAddr region1_base = 0x1FF70000;
+extern SharedMemory g_region1;
+
+/**
+ * The DSP is native 16-bit. The DSP also appears to be big-endian. When reading 32-bit numbers from
+ * its memory regions, the higher and lower 16-bit halves are swapped compared to the little-endian
+ * layout of the ARM11. Hence from the ARM11's point of view the memory space appears to be
+ * middle-endian.
+ *
+ * Unusually this does not appear to be an issue for floating point numbers. The DSP makes the more
+ * sensible choice of keeping that little-endian. There are also some exceptions such as the
+ * IntermediateMixSamples structure, which is little-endian.
+ *
+ * This struct implements the conversion to and from this middle-endianness.
+ */
+struct u32_dsp {
+ u32_dsp() = default;
+ operator u32() const {
+ return Convert(storage);
+ }
+ void operator=(u32 new_value) {
+ storage = Convert(new_value);
+ }
+private:
+ static constexpr u32 Convert(u32 value) {
+ return (value << 16) | (value >> 16);
+ }
+ u32_le storage;
+};
+#if (__GNUC__ >= 5) || defined(__clang__) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<u32_dsp>::value, "u32_dsp isn't trivially copyable");
+#endif
+
+// There are 15 structures in each memory region. A table of them in the order they appear in memory
+// is presented below
+//
+// Pipe 2 # First Region DSP Address Purpose Control
+// 5 0x8400 DSP Status DSP
+// 9 0x8410 DSP Debug Info DSP
+// 6 0x8540 Final Mix Samples DSP
+// 2 0x8680 Source Status [24] DSP
+// 8 0x8710 Compressor Table Application
+// 4 0x9430 DSP Configuration Application
+// 7 0x9492 Intermediate Mix Samples DSP + App
+// 1 0x9E92 Source Configuration [24] Application
+// 3 0xA792 Source ADPCM Coefficients [24] Application
+// 10 0xA912 Surround Sound Related
+// 11 0xAA12 Surround Sound Related
+// 12 0xAAD2 Surround Sound Related
+// 13 0xAC52 Surround Sound Related
+// 14 0xAC5C Surround Sound Related
+// 0 0xBFFF Frame Counter Application
+//
+// Note that the above addresses do vary slightly between audio firmwares observed; the addresses are
+// not fixed in stone. The addresses above are only an examplar; they're what this implementation
+// does and provides to applications.
+//
+// Application requests the DSP service to convert DSP addresses into ARM11 virtual addresses using the
+// ConvertProcessAddressFromDspDram service call. Applications seem to derive the addresses for the
+// second region via:
+// second_region_dsp_addr = first_region_dsp_addr | 0x10000
+//
+// Applications maintain most of its own audio state, the memory region is used mainly for
+// communication and not storage of state.
+//
+// In the documentation below, filter and effect transfer functions are specified in the z domain.
+// (If you are more familiar with the Laplace transform, z = exp(sT). The z domain is the digital
+// frequency domain, just like how the s domain is the analog frequency domain.)
+
+#define INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(num_words) INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(2 * (num_words))
+
+// GCC versions < 5.0 do not implement std::is_trivially_copyable.
+// Excluding MSVC because it has weird behaviour for std::is_trivially_copyable.
+#if (__GNUC__ >= 5) || defined(__clang__)
+ #define ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(name, size) \
+ static_assert(std::is_standard_layout<name>::value, "DSP structure " #name " doesn't use standard layout"); \
+ static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<name>::value, "DSP structure " #name " isn't trivially copyable"); \
+ static_assert(sizeof(name) == (size), "Unexpected struct size for DSP structure " #name)
+#else
+ #define ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(name, size) \
+ static_assert(std::is_standard_layout<name>::value, "DSP structure " #name " doesn't use standard layout"); \
+ static_assert(sizeof(name) == (size), "Unexpected struct size for DSP structure " #name)
+#endif
+
+struct SourceConfiguration {
+ struct Configuration {
+ /// These dirty flags are set by the application when it updates the fields in this struct.
+ /// The DSP clears these each audio frame.
+ union {
+ u32_le dirty_raw;
+
+ BitField<2, 1, u32_le> adpcm_coefficients_dirty;
+ BitField<3, 1, u32_le> partial_embedded_buffer_dirty; ///< Tends to be set when a looped buffer is queued.
+
+ BitField<16, 1, u32_le> enable_dirty;
+ BitField<17, 1, u32_le> interpolation_dirty;
+ BitField<18, 1, u32_le> rate_multiplier_dirty;
+ BitField<19, 1, u32_le> buffer_queue_dirty;
+ BitField<20, 1, u32_le> loop_related_dirty;
+ BitField<21, 1, u32_le> play_position_dirty; ///< Tends to also be set when embedded buffer is updated.
+ BitField<22, 1, u32_le> filters_enabled_dirty;
+ BitField<23, 1, u32_le> simple_filter_dirty;
+ BitField<24, 1, u32_le> biquad_filter_dirty;
+ BitField<25, 1, u32_le> gain_0_dirty;
+ BitField<26, 1, u32_le> gain_1_dirty;
+ BitField<27, 1, u32_le> gain_2_dirty;
+ BitField<28, 1, u32_le> sync_dirty;
+ BitField<29, 1, u32_le> reset_flag;
+
+ BitField<31, 1, u32_le> embedded_buffer_dirty;
+ };
+
+ // Gain control
+
+ /**
+ * Gain is between 0.0-1.0. This determines how much will this source appear on
+ * each of the 12 channels that feed into the intermediate mixers.
+ * Each of the three intermediate mixers is fed two left and two right channels.
+ */
+ float_le gain[3][4];
+
+ // Interpolation
+
+ /// Multiplier for sample rate. Resampling occurs with the selected interpolation method.
+ float_le rate_multiplier;
+
+ enum class InterpolationMode : u8 {
+ None = 0,
+ Linear = 1,
+ Polyphase = 2
+ };
+
+ InterpolationMode interpolation_mode;
+ INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(1); ///< Interpolation related
+
+ // Filters
+
+ /**
+ * This is the simplest normalized first-order digital recursive filter.
+ * The transfer function of this filter is:
+ * H(z) = b0 / (1 + a1 z^-1)
+ * Values are signed fixed point with 15 fractional bits.
+ */
+ struct SimpleFilter {
+ s16_le b0;
+ s16_le a1;
+ };
+
+ /**
+ * This is a normalised biquad filter (second-order).
+ * The transfer function of this filter is:
+ * H(z) = (b0 + b1 z^-1 + b2 z^-2) / (1 - a1 z^-1 - a2 z^-2)
+ * Nintendo chose to negate the feedbackward coefficients. This differs from standard notation
+ * as in: https://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/filters/Direct_Form_I.html
+ * Values are signed fixed point with 14 fractional bits.
+ */
+ struct BiquadFilter {
+ s16_le b0;
+ s16_le b1;
+ s16_le b2;
+ s16_le a1;
+ s16_le a2;
+ };
+
+ union {
+ u16_le filters_enabled;
+ BitField<0, 1, u16_le> simple_filter_enabled;
+ BitField<1, 1, u16_le> biquad_filter_enabled;
+ };
+
+ SimpleFilter simple_filter;
+ BiquadFilter biquad_filter;
+
+ // Buffer Queue
+
+ /// A buffer of audio data from the application, along with metadata about it.
+ struct Buffer {
+ /// Physical memory address of the start of the buffer
+ u32_dsp physical_address;
+
+ /// This is length in terms of samples.
+ /// Note that in different buffer formats a sample takes up different number of bytes.
+ u32_dsp length;
+
+ /// ADPCM Predictor (4 bits) and Scale (4 bits)
+ union {
+ u16_le adpcm_ps;
+ BitField<0, 4, u16_le> adpcm_scale;
+ BitField<4, 4, u16_le> adpcm_predictor;
+ };
+
+ /// ADPCM Historical Samples (y[n-1] and y[n-2])
+ u16_le adpcm_yn[2];
+
+ /// This is non-zero when the ADPCM values above are to be updated.
+ u8 adpcm_dirty;
+
+ /// Is a looping buffer.
+ u8 is_looping;
+
+ /// This value is shown in SourceStatus::previous_buffer_id when this buffer has finished.
+ /// This allows the emulated application to tell what buffer is currently playing
+ u16_le buffer_id;
+
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(1);
+ };
+
+ u16_le buffers_dirty; ///< Bitmap indicating which buffers are dirty (bit i -> buffers[i])
+ Buffer buffers[4]; ///< Queued Buffers
+
+ // Playback controls
+
+ u32_dsp loop_related;
+ u8 enable;
+ INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(1);
+ u16_le sync; ///< Application-side sync (See also: SourceStatus::sync)
+ u32_dsp play_position; ///< Position. (Units: number of samples)
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(2);
+
+ // Embedded Buffer
+ // This buffer is often the first buffer to be used when initiating audio playback,
+ // after which the buffer queue is used.
+
+ u32_dsp physical_address;
+
+ /// This is length in terms of samples.
+ /// Note a sample takes up different number of bytes in different buffer formats.
+ u32_dsp length;
+
+ enum class MonoOrStereo : u16_le {
+ Mono = 1,
+ Stereo = 2
+ };
+
+ enum class Format : u16_le {
+ PCM8 = 0,
+ PCM16 = 1,
+ ADPCM = 2
+ };
+
+ union {
+ u16_le flags1_raw;
+ BitField<0, 2, MonoOrStereo> mono_or_stereo;
+ BitField<2, 2, Format> format;
+ BitField<5, 1, u16_le> fade_in;
+ };
+
+ /// ADPCM Predictor (4 bit) and Scale (4 bit)
+ union {
+ u16_le adpcm_ps;
+ BitField<0, 4, u16_le> adpcm_scale;
+ BitField<4, 4, u16_le> adpcm_predictor;
+ };
+
+ /// ADPCM Historical Samples (y[n-1] and y[n-2])
+ u16_le adpcm_yn[2];
+
+ union {
+ u16_le flags2_raw;
+ BitField<0, 1, u16_le> adpcm_dirty; ///< Has the ADPCM info above been changed?
+ BitField<1, 1, u16_le> is_looping; ///< Is this a looping buffer?
+ };
+
+ /// Buffer id of embedded buffer (used as a buffer id in SourceStatus to reference this buffer).
+ u16_le buffer_id;
+ };
+
+ Configuration config[AudioCore::num_sources];
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(SourceConfiguration::Configuration, 192);
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(SourceConfiguration::Configuration::Buffer, 20);
+
+struct SourceStatus {
+ struct Status {
+ u8 is_enabled; ///< Is this channel enabled? (Doesn't have to be playing anything.)
+ u8 previous_buffer_id_dirty; ///< Non-zero when previous_buffer_id changes
+ u16_le sync; ///< Is set by the DSP to the value of SourceConfiguration::sync
+ u32_dsp buffer_position; ///< Number of samples into the current buffer
+ u16_le previous_buffer_id; ///< Updated when a buffer finishes playing
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(1);
+ };
+
+ Status status[AudioCore::num_sources];
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(SourceStatus::Status, 12);
+
+struct DspConfiguration {
+ /// These dirty flags are set by the application when it updates the fields in this struct.
+ /// The DSP clears these each audio frame.
+ union {
+ u32_le dirty_raw;
+
+ BitField<8, 1, u32_le> mixer1_enabled_dirty;
+ BitField<9, 1, u32_le> mixer2_enabled_dirty;
+ BitField<10, 1, u32_le> delay_effect_0_dirty;
+ BitField<11, 1, u32_le> delay_effect_1_dirty;
+ BitField<12, 1, u32_le> reverb_effect_0_dirty;
+ BitField<13, 1, u32_le> reverb_effect_1_dirty;
+
+ BitField<16, 1, u32_le> volume_0_dirty;
+
+ BitField<24, 1, u32_le> volume_1_dirty;
+ BitField<25, 1, u32_le> volume_2_dirty;
+ BitField<26, 1, u32_le> output_format_dirty;
+ BitField<27, 1, u32_le> limiter_enabled_dirty;
+ BitField<28, 1, u32_le> headphones_connected_dirty;
+ };
+
+ /// The DSP has three intermediate audio mixers. This controls the volume level (0.0-1.0) for each at the final mixer
+ float_le volume[3];
+
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(3);
+
+ enum class OutputFormat : u16_le {
+ Mono = 0,
+ Stereo = 1,
+ Surround = 2
+ };
+
+ OutputFormat output_format;
+
+ u16_le limiter_enabled; ///< Not sure of the exact gain equation for the limiter.
+ u16_le headphones_connected; ///< Application updates the DSP on headphone status.
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(4); ///< TODO: Surround sound related
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(2); ///< TODO: Intermediate mixer 1/2 related
+ u16_le mixer1_enabled;
+ u16_le mixer2_enabled;
+
+ /**
+ * This is delay with feedback.
+ * Transfer function:
+ * H(z) = a z^-N / (1 - b z^-1 + a g z^-N)
+ * where
+ * N = frame_count * samples_per_frame
+ * g, a and b are fixed point with 7 fractional bits
+ */
+ struct DelayEffect {
+ /// These dirty flags are set by the application when it updates the fields in this struct.
+ /// The DSP clears these each audio frame.
+ union {
+ u16_le dirty_raw;
+ BitField<0, 1, u16_le> enable_dirty;
+ BitField<1, 1, u16_le> work_buffer_address_dirty;
+ BitField<2, 1, u16_le> other_dirty; ///< Set when anything else has been changed
+ };
+
+ u16_le enable;
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(1);
+ u16_le outputs;
+ u32_dsp work_buffer_address; ///< The application allocates a block of memory for the DSP to use as a work buffer.
+ u16_le frame_count; ///< Frames to delay by
+
+ // Coefficients
+ s16_le g; ///< Fixed point with 7 fractional bits
+ s16_le a; ///< Fixed point with 7 fractional bits
+ s16_le b; ///< Fixed point with 7 fractional bits
+ };
+
+ DelayEffect delay_effect[2];
+
+ struct ReverbEffect {
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(26); ///< TODO
+ };
+
+ ReverbEffect reverb_effect[2];
+
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(4);
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(DspConfiguration, 196);
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(DspConfiguration::DelayEffect, 20);
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(DspConfiguration::ReverbEffect, 52);
+
+struct AdpcmCoefficients {
+ /// Coefficients are signed fixed point with 11 fractional bits.
+ /// Each source has 16 coefficients associated with it.
+ s16_le coeff[AudioCore::num_sources][16];
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(AdpcmCoefficients, 768);
+
+struct DspStatus {
+ u16_le unknown;
+ u16_le dropped_frames;
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(0xE);
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(DspStatus, 32);
+
+/// Final mixed output in PCM16 stereo format, what you hear out of the speakers.
+/// When the application writes to this region it has no effect.
+struct FinalMixSamples {
+ s16_le pcm16[2 * AudioCore::samples_per_frame];
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(FinalMixSamples, 640);
+
+/// DSP writes output of intermediate mixers 1 and 2 here.
+/// Writes to this region by the application edits the output of the intermediate mixers.
+/// This seems to be intended to allow the application to do custom effects on the ARM11.
+/// Values that exceed s16 range will be clipped by the DSP after further processing.
+struct IntermediateMixSamples {
+ struct Samples {
+ s32_le pcm32[4][AudioCore::samples_per_frame]; ///< Little-endian as opposed to DSP middle-endian.
+ };
+
+ Samples mix1;
+ Samples mix2;
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(IntermediateMixSamples, 5120);
+
+/// Compressor table
+struct Compressor {
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(0xD20); ///< TODO
+};
+
+/// There is no easy way to implement this in a HLE implementation.
+struct DspDebug {
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(0x130);
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(DspDebug, 0x260);
+
+struct SharedMemory {
+ /// Padding
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(0x400);
+
+ DspStatus dsp_status;
+
+ DspDebug dsp_debug;
+
+ FinalMixSamples final_samples;
+
+ SourceStatus source_statuses;
+
+ Compressor compressor;
+
+ DspConfiguration dsp_configuration;
+
+ IntermediateMixSamples intermediate_mix_samples;
+
+ SourceConfiguration source_configurations;
+
+ AdpcmCoefficients adpcm_coefficients;
+
+ /// Unknown 10-14 (Surround sound related)
+ INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS(0x16ED);
+
+ u16_le frame_counter;
+};
+ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT(SharedMemory, 0x8000);
+
+#undef INSERT_PADDING_DSPWORDS
+#undef ASSERT_DSP_STRUCT
+
+/// Initialize DSP hardware
+void Init();
+
+/// Shutdown DSP hardware
+void Shutdown();
+
+/**
+ * Perform processing and updates state of current shared memory buffer.
+ * This function is called every audio tick before triggering the audio interrupt.
+ * @return Whether an audio interrupt should be triggered this frame.
+ */
+bool Tick();
+
+/// Returns a mutable reference to the current region. Current region is selected based on the frame counter.
+SharedMemory& CurrentRegion();
+
+} // namespace HLE
+} // namespace DSP
diff --git a/src/audio_core/hle/pipe.cpp b/src/audio_core/hle/pipe.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6542c760c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/audio_core/hle/pipe.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Citra Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "audio_core/hle/pipe.h"
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+
+namespace DSP {
+namespace HLE {
+
+static size_t pipe2position = 0;
+
+void ResetPipes() {
+ pipe2position = 0;
+}
+
+std::vector<u8> PipeRead(u32 pipe_number, u32 length) {
+ if (pipe_number != 2) {
+ LOG_WARNING(Audio_DSP, "pipe_number = %u (!= 2), unimplemented", pipe_number);
+ return {}; // We currently don't handle anything other than the audio pipe.
+ }
+
+ // Canned DSP responses that games expect. These were taken from HW by 3dmoo team.
+ // TODO: Our implementation will actually use a slightly different response than this one.
+ // TODO: Use offsetof on DSP structures instead for a proper response.
+ static const std::array<u8, 32> canned_response {{
+ 0x0F, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xBF, 0x8E, 0x9E, 0x80, 0x86, 0x8E, 0xA7, 0x30, 0x94, 0x00, 0x84, 0x40, 0x85,
+ 0x8E, 0x94, 0x10, 0x87, 0x10, 0x84, 0x0E, 0xA9, 0x0E, 0xAA, 0xCE, 0xAA, 0x4E, 0xAC, 0x58, 0xAC
+ }};
+
+ // TODO: Move this into dsp::DSP service since it happens on the service side.
+ // Hardware observation: No data is returned if requested length reads beyond the end of the data in-pipe.
+ if (pipe2position + length > canned_response.size()) {
+ return {};
+ }
+
+ std::vector<u8> ret;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++, pipe2position++) {
+ ret.emplace_back(canned_response[pipe2position]);
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+void PipeWrite(u32 pipe_number, const std::vector<u8>& buffer) {
+ // TODO: proper pipe behaviour
+}
+
+} // namespace HLE
+} // namespace DSP
diff --git a/src/audio_core/hle/pipe.h b/src/audio_core/hle/pipe.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ff6536950
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/audio_core/hle/pipe.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Citra Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace DSP {
+namespace HLE {
+
+/// Reset the pipes by setting pipe positions back to the beginning.
+void ResetPipes();
+
+/**
+ * Read a DSP pipe.
+ * Pipe IDs:
+ * pipe_number = 0: Debug
+ * pipe_number = 1: P-DMA
+ * pipe_number = 2: Audio
+ * pipe_number = 3: Binary
+ * @param pipe_number The Pipe ID
+ * @param length How much data to request.
+ * @return The data read from the pipe. The size of this vector can be less than the length requested.
+ */
+std::vector<u8> PipeRead(u32 pipe_number, u32 length);
+
+/**
+ * Write to a DSP pipe.
+ * @param pipe_number The Pipe ID
+ * @param buffer The data to write to the pipe.
+ */
+void PipeWrite(u32 pipe_number, const std::vector<u8>& buffer);
+
+} // namespace HLE
+} // namespace DSP
diff --git a/src/audio_core/sink.h b/src/audio_core/sink.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cad21a85e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/audio_core/sink.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Copyright 2016 Citra Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace AudioCore {
+
+/**
+ * This class is an interface for an audio sink. An audio sink accepts samples in stereo signed PCM16 format to be output.
+ * Sinks *do not* handle resampling and expect the correct sample rate. They are dumb outputs.
+ */
+class Sink {
+public:
+ virtual ~Sink() = default;
+
+ /// The native rate of this sink. The sink expects to be fed samples that respect this. (Units: samples/sec)
+ virtual unsigned GetNativeSampleRate() const = 0;
+
+ /**
+ * Feed stereo samples to sink.
+ * @param samples Samples in interleaved stereo PCM16 format. Size of vector must be multiple of two.
+ */
+ virtual void EnqueueSamples(const std::vector<s16>& samples) = 0;
+
+ /// Samples enqueued that have not been played yet.
+ virtual std::size_t SamplesInQueue() const = 0;
+};
+
+} // namespace